Drawing. by Marcellina Rodriguez. published Download full-size image. A reproduction of the sarcophagus lid of the Mayan ruler of Palenque, King Pakal the Great, also known as Kinich Janaab Pacal 23 CE - 31 CE. In this detail, the king falls into the terrible jaws of the Mayans. Bonampak, a ruined Mayan palace in the jungles of southern Mexico, has revealed a series of startling murals depicting torture, war and bloodshed. However, it took researchers years to achieve this. Pakal the Great, 11th reign of Palenque, in the guise of the young corn god. Born 9.8.9.13. long count, years governed and death, 9.9. 2. 4.8, Palenque sculptors captured the essence of a young Pakal the Great in this modeled stucco head, discovered beneath the sarcophagus in which the king lay. The temple was specially built as a funerary monument for Kinich Janaab Pakal, ruler of Palenque. in the 12th century AD whose reign over the region lasted for years. The construction of this monument was commissioned by Pakal himself in the last decade of his life and completed by his son and successor Kinich Kan Balalam. A life-size stucco mask recovered from the Palenque Palace is believed to represent one of the monuments of Mesoamerica. most important and beloved kings, Kinich Janaab Pakal. Also known as Pakal the Great, his reign is the longest in the history of the Americas. He ascended the throne in CE and ruled until his later years, when the reign of a Mayan king is the fifth longest reign in history. Pacal transformed a minor city-state into a powerhouse and built some of the great Mayan temples. .